Chapter 5: Major Domains of the Earth

Question 1. Answer the following questions briefly.

1. What are the four major domains of the earth?

   Answer: The four major domains of the earth are:-

   1. Lithosphere
   2. Atmosphere
   3. Hydrosphere
   4. Biosphere

2. Name the major continents of the earth.

   Answer: There are seven major continents of the Earth:

   1. Asia
   2. Europe
   3. Africa
   4. North America
   5. South America
   6. Australia
   7. Antarctica

3. Name the two continents that lie entirely in the Southern Hemisphere.

   Answer: Australia and Antarctica are the two continents that lie entirely in the southern hemisphere.

4. Name the different layers of atmosphere.

   Answer: There are five different layers of the atmosphere:-

   1. The troposphere
   2. The stratosphere
   3. The mesosphere
   4. The thermosphere
   5. The exosphere

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5. Why is the earth called the ‘blue planet’?

   Answer: The earth is called the blue planet because more than 71% of the Earth is covered with water.

6. Why is the Northern Hemisphere called the Land Hemisphere?

   Answer: The Northern Hemisphere is called the Land Hemisphere because the larger part of the landmasses lies in it.

7. Why is the Biosphere important for living organisms?

   Answer: The biosphere is important for living organisms because:-

   1. Life exists in this zone.
   2. Land, water, and air are found here.
   3. All living organisms including humans are linked to each other and to the biosphere for survival.

Question 2. Tick the correct answer.

1. The mountain range that separates Europe from Asia is
   1. the Andes
   2. the Himalayas
   3. the Urals
2. The continent of North America is linked to South America by
   1. an Isthmus
   2. a Strait
   3. a Canal
3. The major constituent of atmosphere by per cent is
   1. Nitrogen
   2. Oxygen
   3. Carbon dioxide
4. The domain of the earth consisting of solid rocks is
   1. the Atmosphere
   2. the Hydrosphere
   3. the Lithosphere
5. Which is the largest continent?
   1. Africa
   2. Asia
   3. Australia

Answer: 

1. (iii) the Urals
2. (i) An isthmus
3. (i) Nitrogen
4. (iii) the Lithosphere
5. (ii) Asia

Question 3. Fill in the blanks.

1. The deepest point on the earth is _____________ in the Pacific Ocean.
2. The _____________ Ocean is named after a country.
3. The _____________ is a narrow contact zone of land, water and air that supports life.
4. The continents of Europe and Asia together are known as _____________.
5. The highest mountain peak on the earth is _______.

Answer: 

1. The deepest point on the earth is Mariana trench in the Pacific Ocean.
2. The Indian Ocean is named after a country.
3. The biosphere is a narrow contact zone of land, water and air that supports life.
4. The continents of Europe and Asia together are known as Eurasia.
5. The highest mountain peak on the earth is Mount Everest.

Map Skills

Question: On the outline map of the world, mark the following :
Europe, Asia, Antarctica, South America, Australia, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Ural Mountains and Isthmus of Panama.

Answer: